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The Council of Constantinople (Augustine of Hippo) (1)
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Paul Jang
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2009-12-13 16:25:42, hit : 3,285 |
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The Council of Constantinople (Augustine of Hippo) (1)
장부영 2008-11-08 06:23:47, 조회 : 165
(6) Augustine of Hippo (354-430/ Special Notes)
1. The Life of Augustine
1) In 354 Augustine was born in Tagaste, a small Numidian town in North Africa.
2) In 373, when he was nineteen, Cicero's Hortensius inspired him with a passion for philosophy.
3) In 373, He became a Manichaean, but
4) in 382 perceived the untruth of Manichaean thinking.
5) In 385, Under the influence of the great Roman Christian Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, he became a catechumen in 395.
6) In 387 he was baptized by Ambrose. Shortly before his return to Africa, his mother died at Ostia.
7) In 391, at Hippo, he was consecrated priest \"against his will\" by Bishop Valerius, and
8) In 395 he became Bishop of Hippo. From this insignificant diocese he exerted a world-wide influence.
9) He was in his prime when Alaric sacked Rome. Augustine died during the siege of Hippo by Genseric's Vandals in the year 430.
2. The Writings of Augustine
(1) The eleven folios of Augustine's works are like a mine. To study the work as a whole is a life task for specialists or monks.
(2) Then began the great body of work that was to continue for the rest of his life:
1) the sermons and letters, the exegetic works (particularly on the Psalms and St. John),
2) the didactic writings (On Christian Doctrine, the Enchiridion: a manual of devotions) and side by side with these,
3) the great works, three of which are of particular importance:
① The Confessions, 400; here Augustine gives praise and thanks to God by way of an autobiography in which philosophical and theological thoughts appear as the substance of a life that knows itself to be under God's guidance.
② On the Trinity (De Trinitate), a profound, purely speculative work (398-416).
③ The City of God (De civitate Dei, 413-426), the great justification of Christianity after the sack of Rome by Alaric, and at the same time a general exposition of Christian faith and historical consciousness.
(3) The polemics, first against the Manichaeans, and later against the Pelagians and Donatists, may be regarded as a group by themselves.
3. Background of the Thought of Augustine
(1) Pre-Christian Background (Semi-Christian)
(2) Political Background (Post-Pax Romana)
(3) Philosophical Background (Neoplatonism)
(4) Religious Background (Manichaeanism)
(5) Experiential Background (Romans 13:14)
(6) Christian Background (Bishop Ambrose)
4. Survey of Augustine's Thought
(I) Epistemology
◉ From Philosophy to Knowledge Based on Faith
1. The Conversion and Change of Thinking
2. Philosophical Ideas and a Thinking Based on Faith in Revelation
A. Augustine's thinking is directed toward God
(1) Manichaean God - fantastic myth.
(2) Neo-Platonic One - vain and no pledge of truth.
(3) Peace in the Biblical God.
(4) Philosophical ideas - instruments
(5) Thinking - a way to elucidate what is faith.
(6) Bible - guiding thread and a anchor for thoughts.
B. Augustine took over the philosophy of Plotinus.
3. The Development of Augustine's Thinking
(1) A process by which he grew into the vast totality of Christian, Catholic, ecclesiastical existence.
(2) Philosophy has lost its validity. Biblical-theological thinking is all-important of the whole system.
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Introduction
History 